The objective of this course is to deal with Great Issues of a Race from 4500 B.C. to 2000 A.D. The author reconstructs the history of African civilizations and challenge the prevailing narratives that have often marginalized or misrepresented the contributions of Black people. Williams aims to provide a comprehensive account of the achievements and struggles of African civilizations, emphasizing their resilience and ingenuity in the face of external pressures and internal challenges